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Code points and scalar values UTF-8 byte sequences UTF-16 surrogate pairs Grapheme clusters Combining marks Normalization NFC Normalization NFD Replacement character U+FFFD
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Character Encoding & Unicode / Unicode Foundations

Code points and scalar values

Learn Code points and scalar values in Character Encoding & Unicode with a focused explanation, a topic-specific example, and a mastery check.

12 min read • Beginner
encoding-001.txt
text 
text = 'Aé🙂'
for ch in text:
    print(ch, f'U+{ord(ch):04X}')
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UTF-8 byte sequences